Managing bipolar disorder alongside addiction can be tough. However, knowing how they affect each other and finding the right treatment is the first step to gaining stability.
When someone has both mental health conditions like bipolar disorder and substance addiction, we refer to them as co-occurring disorders or comorbidities.
Understanding this complicated connection is very important. Bipolar disorder involves intense mood swings—from manic episodes to major depressive lows. This situation makes it common for people to have problems with both their mental health and their addiction at the same time.
We need to pay close attention to this correlation between two big problems. That way, we can help and treat people who need it more by focusing on how bipolar disorder and drug use are connected.
This guide is for those affected by these conditions. It aims to help them receive complete care. This care addresses both parts of their conditions. With this support, they can get better and recover faster.
First thing first, let’s start with defining bipolar disorder clearly.
People with bipolar disorder have shifts in mood that are easy to notice. As a result, these changes may lower one’s energy and make it harder to do normal things.
Bipolar disorder patients have manic moments, during which they are very happy and full of energy. On the flip side, they also go through depressive episodes, marked by deep sadness and low motivation.
Not only are these mood swings annoying, but they can really mess up a person’s daily life. Bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder, is one of the top ten causes of disability worldwide.
To receive the right treatment and care, it’s important to understand the different types of bipolar disorder. We will discuss these types below. Each type of bipolar disorder involves unique challenges, requiring tailored treatment options, often including medications like Lithium, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics.
Bipolar disease is generally broken down into different types and subtypes.
The different reactions and signs a person shows can help the doctor identify the type of bipolar disorder. These signs also show how much the disorder affects their life.
Let’s take a look at them one by one:
Bipolar I Disorder
Extreme mood swings are a sign of bipolar I disorder. People with this type have manic episodes that last at least seven days. Sometimes, these episodes are so severe that they need immediate hospitalization.
These manic episodes are quite high moods that might interfere with regular activities.
Depressive episodes are also common and usually last for at least two weeks. The intensity of both manic and depressive episodes is more pronounced in bipolar I disorder.
Bipolar II Disorder
Bipolar II Disorder has a different pattern of mood changes than Bipolar I. It includes hypomanic episodes, which are less severe than full manic episodes. People with this disorder also experience depressed episodes.
Hypomanic episodes include high moods and energy. However, they are less disruptive than the manic episodes in Bipolar I.
Notably, people with Bipolar II don’t have the full-on high episodes that people with Bipolar I do.
Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia)
People with Cyclothymic Disorder have mood swings all the time. People with this disease experience periods of hypomania and depression. These symptoms last for at least two years in adults and one year in teens and children.
The mood swings are less intense but more enduring.
Bipolar with Mixed Features
When someone has bipolar disorder with mixed features, they may feel both depressed and manic at the same time. They can also switch between these feelings very quickly. This type can happen to people with either Bipolar I or II.
People with Bipolar I Disorder, Bipolar II Disorder, or Cyclothymic Disorder may show different signs. These signs might not fit perfectly into these categories. A diagnosis of other specified or unspecified bipolar and related disorders could be made in this case.
There are several unusual mood disorders in this group. They cause a lot of pain or problems but don’t fit the standards for other bipolar disorders. With this more flexible diagnostic group, doctors can identify and treat various bipolar signs. These signs may not always fit into standard categories.
Bipolar disorder affects many people around the world. Recognizing its symptoms is really important for those who have it and those who care for them. This condition is marked by intense mood swings. These swings can affect daily life, relationships, and health.
A lot of people who have bipolar disorder also have other mental illnesses. Some people may even have psychotic signs like hallucinations or delusions.
Let’s take a closer look at the signs of mania and signs of depression that characterize this condition.
Manic episodes are a key part of Bipolar I Disorder. They can also appear in Bipolar II Disorder, though less intensely. These manic symptoms can cause problems at work, school, or in personal relationships. In extreme cases, hospitalization may be required to prevent harm.
When someone is having a manic episode, they might experience:
On the other side, there are depressive episodes. These are just as challenging and are characterized by:
It can be hard to figure out if someone has bipolar disorder. This is because it’s necessary to know about a lot of different signs and how they affect daily life.
As promised, we will now talk about how healthcare professionals usually identify this disease.
First, a healthcare professional may check the patient’s overall health through a physical exam. They might also request lab tests. These tests can help rule out any medical conditions that could be causing symptoms.
Next, a referral to a psychiatrist might be made. In this session, the patient will talk about their thoughts, feelings, and behavior patterns. The psychiatrist might ask them to answer some questions. With their permission, family members or close friends could share their observations about the symptoms as well.
The patient may be asked to keep a daily log of their moods and sleep patterns. Tracking this daily information can provide important insights. It helps in making an accurate diagnosis and finding the best treatment plan.
Bipolar disorder is a complex mental health condition influenced by several factors. Understanding these causes can help in providing timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Researchers have found that there is a genetic component to bipolar disorder. If a person has a family member with bipolar disorder, their risk of developing the condition increases.
According to various studies of twins and families, genetics play an important role in bipolar disorder.
However, while genetics can increase the likelihood, it is not the sole determining factor.
Brain chemistry plays a pretty big role in bipolar disorder.
Neurotransmitters – those tiny chemicals in the brain that help nerve cells communicate – are absolutely key to keeping moods stable. When these chemicals, like serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, are out of balance, it can cause mood swings. This is a common sign of bipolar disorder.
Scientists are always studying how these chemical interactions affect mood. They hope to find better ways to treat and understand this condition.
Life events and stress or anxiety can also be crucial contributors to bipolar disorder. Big life changes, traumatic events, and long-term stress can trigger the condition in those who are prone to it.
The National Institute of Mental Health says that stress does not cause bipolar disorder. However, it can trigger symptoms in people who are genetically at risk.
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The following are some common issues someone with bipolar disorder and alcohol use disorder may experience.
Substance abuse is quite common in individuals with bipolar disorder.
According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, nearly half of people with bipolar disorder experience substance use disorders during their lifetime. This isn’t surprising because people with bipolar disorder often try to self-medicate with drugs and alcohol.
Bipolar disorder can cause extreme highs and lows. This may lead someone to drink alcohol to feel better. However, this can create a dangerous cycle of dependence and instability.
Substance abuse can dramatically affect the course of bipolar disorder. It can make the symptoms much more severe and complicate the treatment process. Alcohol and other substances can interfere with prescribed medications, making them less effective or causing harmful interactions.
People with bipolar disorder who also have substance abuse problems often face more mood swings. They also have higher rates of hospitalization and a greater risk factor of suicide.
Addressing substance abuse is therefore essential for effectively managing bipolar disorder and improving overall quality of life.
Treatment for bipolar disorder and substance use requires a comprehensive approach.
Medications like mood stabilizers and antipsychotics can help control bipolar symptoms. Naltrexone can help reduce cravings for substances.
Therapy options such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) provide strategies for managing triggers.
Making lifestyle changes like regular exercise, good nutrition, and better sleep can create a balanced routine. This can improve your overall well-being.
Indeed, both conditions can and should be treated at the same time.
Integrated treatment models, where both conditions are addressed concurrently, are found to be more effective. According to the research, this method reduces symptoms, improves treatment adherence, and lowers the risk of relapse. A coordinated care team is vital for providing comprehensive care.
Did you know that 58% of people with bipolar I disorder have had problems with alcohol? Also, 38% have faced issues with drug use.
So, what challenges can one face while treating a dual-diagnosis mental health condition?
Let’s find out!
So, what did we learn here?
Co-occurring disorders create a complex challenge that needs understanding and careful management. The symptoms can be overwhelming, but recognizing them is the first step toward finding relief.
There are treatment options available. These include medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes. All of these aim to help people regain balance and control.
Don’t forget that you’re not going through this process alone, and getting professional assistance can make a big difference. Yes, it is possible to deal with both conditions effectively and lead a fulfilling life.
If you or someone you know has issues with alcohol use disorder or drug addiction, consider seeking help. You can get support at Novara Recovery Center. Our experienced mental health professionals offer a range of personalized treatment programs designed to provide comprehensive care.
Don’t wait – take the first step toward recovery today.
Call Novara Recovery Center at (703) 705-7870. You can also visit us at 2815 Old Lee Hwy Floor 2, Fairfax, VA 22031. Learn more and get the support you need!
Bipolar Disorder: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558998/
What is Bipolar Disorder?: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder
Genetics of Bipolar Disorder: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3181866/
The Underlying Neurobiology of Bipolar Disorder: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1525098/
Written By:
Mental Health Writer
Geoffrey Andaria is a seasoned writer and editor specializing in mental health content. With a B.A. in English and Journalism, he possesses a solid foundation in crafting freelance articles and conducting research. Geoffrey has also completed courses in social work. He dedicates himself to providing valuable and informative content for individuals impacted by mental health challenges and addiction.
Medically Reviewed By:
Expert Contributor
Dr. Williams is currently a board member for two non-profit service organizations. He holds a Master’s degree in Human Services from Lincoln University, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
He possesses a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Union Institute and University, located in Cincinnati, Ohio. He holds a license to offer addiction counseling in both New Jersey and Connecticut. Additionally, he has submitted an application to become a licensed psychologist in New Jersey.
